题目：Why Metals Crack?
时间：2026年4月20日 14:00-16:00
地点：77779193永利官网 高田会议室
邀请人：陈凯 副教授（核燃料循环与核材料研究所）
报告人简介
Peter L. Andresen博士是腐蚀与环境断裂领域专家，美国国家工程院院士、中国工程院外籍院士，长期从事核能材料应力腐蚀开裂、腐蚀疲劳及环境致裂机理研究五十余年。在环境致裂理论、材料寿命预测、腐蚀控制技术及核电材料安全评价方面取得了系统性和开创性成果，相关研究广泛应用于核电站材料研发与工程实践。过去二十余年，他与中国学者保持密切合作，多次来华开展交流，为推动我国核用材料服役安全研究和国际合作作出了重要贡献。
报告摘要
Environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) has impacted industries and societies for two centuries, and it remains challenging to quantify and resolve. Despite seven decades of study and 110 years after the first boiling and pressure vessel codes were published, major surprises still occur, as with the extensive cracking of stainless steel piping in nuclear plants in France in 2021. EAC is a fascinating interaction among ten primary and hundreds of secondary variables, and when one parameter is changed, the effect of many other parameters shifts.
EAC can occur in gaseous and liquid environments, in crystalline and amorphous materials, in metals, glasses and ceramics, and over a wide range of loading conditions that can span at least 10 orders of magnitude in growth rate. EAC is vastly more complex than if one of metallurgy-environment -mechanics elements is removed: oxidation, pitting, fatigue, creep, etc. are much simpler. While the focus is on high temperature water, strong parallels exist within the much larger world of EAC.
This lecture will address the historical mistakes and oversights; the complexity of the combined effect of metallurgy, microstructure, environment and mechanics; the flawed perception that EAC only occurs under a narrow range of conditions; the belief that most experiments are “good enough”; the assumption that if cracking hasn’t occurred yet it won’t in the future; that time dependence can be neglected; and that design codes are adequate for long life.
Predicting EAC from atomistic modeling will not be possible in the foreseeable future given the complexity of the interactions among metallurgy, mechanics and environment. Neural networks and artificial intelligence provide no great benefit because of the limited amount and quality of data. The “old scientific method” of hypothesis and critical experiments is the only effective way to identify and quantify the complex interactions that result in EAC.
When one approaches a complex issue from flawed assumptions, the bias affects both experiments and their interpretation. The modern understanding of EAC is that immunity is rare, although the concept of immunity remains embedded in the design codes. Design should be based on achieving the desired lifetime, which must account for both the initiation and growth of cracks.
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地址：上海市东川路800号上海交通大学闵行校区77779193永利官网
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